• Arthur Morgan sitting on a gray dun mustang in the snow beside a river, looking off into the fog.
    IX. Various Works

    They Don’t Want Folk Like Us No More: Butcher’s Crossing and RDR2

    Butcher’s Crossing is an 1960 novel by John Williams about a young man named (hilariously) William Andrews, who leaves Harvard in the 1870s to go West and experience the parts of the country untouched by European colonizers. In part, he’s inspired to do so by Ralph Waldo Emerson, the most prominent figure of the Transcendentalist movement. Another leader in the literary movement, Henry David Thoreau, is part of the basis for the character Evelyn Miller.

  • A photo collage of Dutch Van der Linde, a photo of outlaw Chris Evans, Arthur Morgan, and an illustration of John Sontag.
    0. The Past is Prologue: Sontag & Evans

    Philosopher, Outlaw, Poet, Robber: The History that Wrote RDR2

    The history of the Wild West is so enshrouded in myth, lies, obfuscations, half-truths, and rumor that once these delicate layers are peeled back, the definite facts they're mounded on seem scant enough to be scattered by a breeze — if they weren't weighted with blood and gold. Famous figures like outlaw Emmett Dalton and Wyatt Earp's wife, Josephine, intertwined the bare facts of their lives with legend. In the attempt to immortalize themselves, they erased themselves: it is not always clear whether something really happened, let alone how it happened or who did it.

  • Side-by-side view of the last of Arthur's honor visions and a painting by Albert Bierstadt.
    IX. Various Works

    The Inspiration Behind Arthur’s Honor Visions

    If any aspect of RDR2 is perfect, it's the light. Rich and golden, the sunsets and dawns immerse the player in the game's themes — nostalgia for a lost world; wonder at nature — drawing on the senses to create poignant emotion. That light, itself, is an allusion to a 19th-century artist who in turn inspired one of the game's most charming minor NPCs.

  • Arthur Morgan standing in Flatiron Lake. He looks back at Jack Marston, who stands on the shore. The photo is backlit and the light is misty and glowing.
    I. Paradise Lost

    Virgin Lands: RDR2’s Dream of Colonizing Eden

    Red Dead Redemption 2 mourns the loss of Eden: the outlaw life in pre-Industrial America. But under the brutal rule of colonialism, who is it who lost paradise? All articles on this site feature detailed discussion of literary allusions in Red Dead Redemption 2, and as such contain unmarked major and minor spoilers for the game, and occasionally the eventual fates of some characters in Red Dead Redemption. Read at your own risk. One of the cleverest things the developers did in Red Dead Redemption 2 was to make the technical limitations of Red Dead Redemption thematic. John can’t swim; Arthur can. John prints; Arthur writes. Arthur is more eloquent…